Segmental anatomy
LV
- Cone-shaped
- Generally smooth walls (tightly packed trabeculae)
- Usually 2 papillary muscles that do not originate from the interventricular septum
- LVOT is adjacent to mitral valve (also why easier for IE to spread across these two valves)
RV
- Banana/crescent-shaped
- Trabeculated walls
- Moderator band
- Tricuspid and pulmonic valves are not adjacent, separated by the LVOT
LA
- 4 pulmonary veins (though number can be variable)
- LA appendage generally has narrow neck and various morphologies (windsock, chicken wing, cactus, cauliflower)
- LA appendage has more trabeculated walls
RA
- SVC, IVC, and coronary sinus draining into it
- RA appendage generally has wider neck and triangle-shaped
- RA appendage has smooth walls